My cat is having difficulty sometimes getting his claws out of my sofa . They seem to get stuck and it looks quite painful but eventually he pulls them out. (that's why I'm not getting a new sofa...). Otherwise his claws don't seem too long, they don't stick out of his paws. he has always sharpened his claws on a tree outside. He is 12.
We clip our cats' claws when they get so long that they are catching in things. The vet showed me how - you have to be careful just to take the end, so as not to catch the quick. We use nail clippers, but you can buy a special tool if you feel like it. They soon grown back :-(