Depends, like many other things, on the context... here in the western U.S., we live in 'cattle' ranching country as opposed to sheep, hog, llama or chinchilla ranching country.
Friend next door still milks his 'cow' by hand (twice per day) and differentiated from an acquaintence that milks her 'goat' by hand and I'm told it's a 'doe' although the expert also says since it's milked it's actually a dam.
At any rate, seems everyone knows what everyone else is talking about.
So, come to the western U.S. and you'll be introduced to 'cattle', cows, beef, longhorns (if they are, in fact of that breed) and also cash on the hoof. (Often, during the fall roundup and an honery critter takes off over the hill, the cowboy chasing it has a very special name... can't repeat it here, though). name