This is an autoimmune disease called Symmetrical Lupoid Onychodystrophy. While it is a lifelong disease, it is certainly not true that there is nothing you can do. I run an SLO Yahoo Group where the vast majority of the more than 700 affected dogs represented have their condition either well-controlled or in full remission on treatment. My own SLO dog has been in remission for years and is perfectly happy.
SLO basics and information about the Yahoo Group can be found on my
SLO Webpage. If you join the group, you will find lots of information and support. The best place to start would be in the 'Files' section of the Group where you will find the SLO FAQ. This details diagnosis, treatment, dosages and so on, and can be printed out to take to your vet..
Cheers,
Andromeda Bloodaxe