Tracyh has touched on something very important. In the UK the Dr. only has to ensure that you have some understanding of what they are trying to do and why; they are not obliged to spell out the dangers to you. Next year, when I do Medical Negligence as part of my law degree, I'll be able to explain this better, but we touched on this during our Tort law course. A friend of mine who is a midwife used to tell me that stories like this happen all the time: after something has gone wrong, you go and see the Dr. and say: why didn't you tell me the risks? And they will answer "Because if I had you would not have consented and I wanted you to have this procedure". There is nothing you can do about it, it's unlikely you'd succeed in an action for med.neg. When I was pregnant my friend told me: "do you realise that if they want to do something to you they will, there is nothing you can do to stop them, and they can make sure you never even realise it has happened". It's very difficult to find out what has happened, everybody is on high defensive alert. I had been promised that one of the Community midwives who had looked after me while I was pregnant would be with me in labour but none were, and later, when I enquired why, they all got defensive and talked at me and gave me these long speeches all about self defense and justification. The same happened when the health visitor did not contact me and I had to chase her round various surgeries and clinics. She had never been informed that I had delivered but I never ascertained what had gone wrong because she got extremely defensive when I tried to enquire.