I once recall a lesson at school, regarding contraception methods through the ages. The one that stuck in my mind, was the Egyptians,( I think), who used a stone, inserted inside. I'm not sure how it would have guarded against pregnancy though and must have been painful for the man.
I know in some cultures, years ago, women would have to squat over a hole for their entire period. Menstruating women were prohibited from eating, sleeping or living with others during that time and were deemed as unclean.