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options
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For more on marking an answer as the "Best Answer", please visit our FAQ.I know some big players who only really do options. They offer you the possibility of huge rewards for limited outlays. They also offer near unlimited losses. So be careful! It's quite common to purchase a stock and to 'cover' yourself by buying "call" options on that stock.
Put option = option to sell.
Call option = option to buy.
I would definitely trade normal stocks before you touched options. And make sure you understand them fully first. Most people will now be losing money on daytrading and derivatives.
If you buy a call option, you buy the right (but not the obligation) to buy shares at a certain price at a certain point in the future.
So if you bought a call option on Vodafone with an exercise price of �1.50 and expiry date of 31/12/05, you have the right to buy the shares at this price by this date.
If the market price of Vodafone went up to �2 you could buy it for �1.50 and immediately sell for �2 and make a nice little profit. If the price of Vodafone was only �1, you would just tear up the option and throw it away and not buy for �1.50.
Put options are similar, but you have the right to sell, not buy.