Hi sigma, prior to 1928 there wasn't a national record of adoptions kept. Most adoptions prior to 1928 were carried out by private organisations like charities or children's charities. Alot earlier than that the Parish would arrange places for orphaned or abandoned children within it's Parish boundaries, these children could well be placed with trademen or farmers as apprentices. In 1901, it's probablr that the child was taken in from neighbours or other relatives but it may not be the case that the child's name was changed. Do you have much detail from the census? It might not be a great problem tracing the child's birth parent(s) if it was a small community. Could the child have been a relative? Older daughter's illegitimate child is the usual.