I suppose it depends what you mean by 'reason', but of these three I would go for Martin Luther.
More imagined a futuristic society based on religious idealism rather than scientific reason.
Calvin's ideology was based on a certain biblical interpretation and involved a blind faith in predeterminism.
Luther questioned traditional biblical teaching, encouraging individual interpretation of the bible, so can be most closely associated with reason, in the sense of using our individual senses to understand the world.
So I would go with Luther.