You probably don't want to have to erect a fence first but variegated ivy grows very quickly, is everygreen (or green and yellow) & attractive even inthe winter. However, it will need some king of strong wire link fence to cling to, at least initially. However, it will grow thick and bushy and all it will need is clipping back once at year to keep it at whatever height you decide is appropriate.
Pyracantha does also grow quite quickly, but with its thorny prickles pruning it can be a rather fearsome chore. However, the white flowers in spring and red or orange berries in autumn are attractive (but much loved by birds).
Laurel is another option, slow to get started but grows quickly once the roots are established. but it's deadly boring and will need regular pruning.