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I think longer sentences and more care to be taken that drugs to not infiltrate the prison system would be a start.
If the death penalty worked surely so many people wouldn't stll be smuggling drugs through parts of Asia like you mentioned and risking the death penalty.
Nobody leaves school thinking "By the time I am 30 I would like to have track marks up my arms, weigh less than a child and have to wear nappies because of my heroin addiction". Unfortunately, without proper education and with easy access to cheap, hard drugs, it is a culture that will continue, and one that I don't think will stop by giving dealers the death penalty.
It is the addicts that want the drugs and if one person is killed for selling / smuggling them, the next person will come along and do it in their place, money will always be made n this trade until people don't want it anyway more.
Where do think giving smugglers the death penalty will get us? (aside from making relations with other countries even more frought than they already are)