ChatterBank1 min ago
If hot air rises....
Answers
No best answer has yet been selected by wyldkhatdd. Once a best answer has been selected, it will be shown here.
For more on marking an answer as the "Best Answer", please visit our FAQ.I believe the reason is, as weaverca says, for convenience. Fridges are used more often than freezers, so it makes sense to put the fridge part in the most accessible place. The way most fridge/freezers are arranged places most of the fridge's shelves between knee and shoulder height for the average person. This makes it easy to access your most commonly needed items - milk, butter and so on.
As for hot air "rising"...well, this is a common over-simplification. Hot air by itself does not "rise" - it is affected just as much by gravity as anything else. Hot air is, however, less dense than cold air (the molecules in hot air are more spread out). This makes it effectively lighter (per unit volume) than cold air. Because of this, a pocket of warm air will "float" above any surrounding air colder than itself, much like the way a hot air balloon works, with the exception that free-flowing air will eventually mix with the cold air and the temperatures will equalise.
...Which brings me to KebabMeister's answer. Yours is a good theory and is probably correct to some extent, although there is quite a thick layer of insulation between the fridge and freezer compartments. (I have pinched someone's photo of a fridge/freezer and modified it to show the heat transfer as seen here http://img201.exs.cx/my.php?loc=img201&image=answerbankfridgefreezernetsqui.jpg - I guessed the temperatures).
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There would be a tiny bit of heat transfer across the insulation layer, but it would be neither beneficial nor detrimental to the distribution of heat in the freezer, as far as I can see. A mild convection current would be set up as a result of having a temperature gradient, leading the food to be chilled more evenly...however, the lack of a temperature gradient shows that all parts of the freezer are already equally chilled, so the "problem" is self-fixing. Switching the positions of the fridge and freezer would hardly affect the rate of heat transfer at all.
Finally (yes, I will shut up soon!) I fail to see how the efficiency of the fridge/freezer could be noticeably affected by the placement of the two compartments. Electrical energy is used to cool both the fridge and freezer. Even if some heat energy were to be transferred from the fridge to the freezer, there is no loss of efficiency. The amount of extra cooling the freezer will require is exactly made up for by the "free" cooling the fridge receives.
Hope this helps, and sorry for the needlessly long answer.
The ice compartment is effectively the "engine" that cools the fridge, so logically it lives at the top. The cool air then circulates by convection and cools the rest of the fridge.