Called a thermistor here in the U.S., it's actually a current limiting device (among other tasks). It protects electrical devices in the case of overvoltage...
A thermocouple is used most often in pilot light ignition on fireplaces, ovens and the like. It consists of two dissimilar metals (wire) inside of a sheath. When it's heated it produces low voltage electricity. When it senses heat (or lack thereof) it can produce an electrical current to open a valve and let gas come through until it cools down sufficiently to then shut off the gas due to lack of electrical current...
A thermocouple is a junction between two different metals that produces a voltage related to a temperature difference. They are a widely used type of temperature sensor for measurement and control
A thermistor is a type of resistor whose resistance varies significantly with temperature, They are widely used as inrush current limiters, temperature sensors, self-resetting overcurrent protectors, and self-regulating heating elements.