I guess it could be about managers setting up bad situations & systems; failing to check delivery or falsifying results to meet targets; about ignoring advice; about suppressing or ignoring criticism or concerns from below, etc. If a captain puts an idiot at the wheel of the ship, against advice, then goes to bed without arranging supervision/checks on course etc, whose fault is it when they pile onto a rock? I agree that sometimes the media seems a little harsh sometimes. I know I guy works for railtrack. He reckoned management at top wanted to push prices down hard to maximise profits, so made every layer put tasks out to lowest bidder etc, without checking quality. They paid peanuts, got monkeys and the train crashed. There were several responsible parties, but management appear to have most to answer for by setting in train a process that lead to carastrophe. In most cases, incompetence gets challenged, eg the nurse patient example, unless the managers know the ward is over stressed and understaffed, in which case they take the blame. Long live the whistle-blower.