What are in those pipes that the local's smoke, it looks like a liquid in the bottom, I've seen tourist's use them but have never dared try one myself in case I got high, do they inhale or just blow out the smoke
The liquid is water and the smoke is drawn through it to cool it and remove tar. In some countries charcoal is the material that is burned, often with some form of insence for flavour/aroma. In Turkey, the Emiraters, etc. you are highly unlikely to come across anything nasty or illegal being burned in public places such as cafes although in private homes it may be different.