fruitsalad you need to teach him swapsies. What is the most delicious food to him? The one thing he will do just about ANYTHING for? Well you get some of this and wait until he is playing with a toy...something he likes to chew or mouth...call him very excitedly and offer a bit of this favourite yummy treat praise him and let him go back to the toy. Next step once he has twigged that this is an easy way of getting jackpot treatment is to go and pick the toy up, praise and reward then give the toy back...then when he has that nailed, do it with his lead on praise and reward and lead him away from the toy, no force, no insistence just show the reward and call him away. when he moves away praise reward release. Then start adding a word to the game...anything you like.....Once he has this nailed, then try it outside...BE VIGILANT....you can't be texting, chatting, looking around, you MUST be watching the dog. If you are out in the dark use a torch! As soon as you see him go towards something he will pick up, use your game word very excitedly and when he looks at you praise like crazy and reward. Repeat repeat repeat. Swapsies is a useful game because at some point your darling dog will pick up your expensive new shoe, a library book, something dangerous like a knife or scissors or even a pair of glasses....and then you will be so grateful that you taught him to swap!