just to clarify, the technology to send a manned space flight to land on the moon was developed then, what they didn't have is the ability to acrually make any more of it, but it was an exploration mission, much like Columbus exxcept NASA knew the Moon was there! The knowledge aquired during the space programme has helped mankinf leap forward generations in scientific advanvement, (don't ask me for examples it's too early for a full seminar!) The Japanese would not be at the stage they are without the previous exploration and sharing of information.