Simply speaking, there are two types of survey.
The first is to reassure the mortgage company that they will make their money back from any mortgage they advance, should there be a default on that mortgage. It is of little use of protection to the purchaser.
The second concentrates on the structural fabric of the property and reassures the purchaser that they are buying a 'sound' building (it should highlight and flaws, defects, potential problems). If this is carried out by a professionally qualified, and accredited, RICS surveyor, should there be any problems discovered at a later date, it may be possible to seek compensation from the surveyor.
This survey will also include a sum which the property is 'worth' which may well vary from the price asked and offered in the purchase.
It is perfectly possible to buy a house without a survey but that means 'Caveat Emptor' on possibly the largest purchase you will ever make!
There is no reason a solicitor would concern himself with organising a survey.