The screenplay is credited to Gerard Soeteman & Paul Verhoeven but the original story is credited to Gerard Soeterman:
http://www.zwartboekdefilm.nl/
That suggests that Gerard Soeteman had completed work on the initial story before director Paul Verhoeven became involved. However, I can find no evidence that it was published in book form. (For example, a web search for 'soeteman zwartboek' brings up plenty of references to the film but none to a book).
It's possible, of course, that a book may have been published under a different title but I think that this is unlikely. There is plenty of evidence available showing that Gerard Soeteman is a prolific writer for film and TV but I can find nothing to indicate that he has ever published a book.
Chris