Bamboo won't do well in pots. It has a nasy habit of spreading and will probably die off after a while if the pots don't prove big enough. How about some of the wide leaved golden /green or cream/green variegated ivies? If you put a stout cane in each deep pot they will soon grow up them and thicken out and provide a permanent attractive screen all year round. You can get some very long lasting green covered carbon fibre canes from garden centres, and if necessary, line the pots up and thread or tie some of that stout green bendy plastic trellis material to the canes higher up. . You will then have a moveable trellis (with the pots) that isn't attached to your neighbours' fence but still provides height for climbing plants.