As previously mentioned, the age of contractual capacity for individuals is 18. Minors are permitted to enter into contracts for limited purposes, and the test is one that focuses on the nature of the transaction, and whether the minor is of an age such that they capable of understanding it.
Contracts entered into by children that are for 'necessaries' are binding on children, as are those for apprenticeship, employment, education and service where they are rightly said to be for the benefit of the child. Contracts for necessaries are for the supply of food, medicines, accommodation, clothing, amongst other things but generally excludes conveniences, and products and services for comfort or pleasure. Commercial or 'trading' contracts are also excluded. These latter contracts are voidable at the option of the minor, and whether the minor may avoid the contract depends on the nature of the contract.
Contracts for debts and the sale of goods that are not for necessaries require positive ratification in order to be enforceable. The ratification must take the form of an acknowledgement that the debt is binding after attaining the age of 18.
In England and Wales, under the Minors' Contracts Act 1987 restitution is possible where "a person ( �the plaintiff�) has... entered into a contract with another ( �the defendant�), and the contract is unenforceable against the defendant (or he repudiates it) because he was a minor when the contract was made, the court may, if it is just and equitable to do so, require the defendant to transfer to the plaintiff any property acquired by the defendant under the contract, or any property representing it."