Your CD drive appears to be dead!
Optical drives never seem to last long. On every desktop computer I've owned over the past quarter of a century, I've nearly always had to replace the internal drive (sometimes more than once) during the lifetime of the machine. External drives are frequently as short-lived, so I'm never that surprised when I read about one that simply doesn't want to play ball.
I've just been looking for a possible replacement drive on Amazon though and I've noticed that some older models are specifically stated as not being fully compatible with Windows 10, so it might be that your drive is such a model and could continue to work with other operating systems but can't be used with Windows 10.
If I was in your position, I'd probably nip along to Argos:
https://www.argos.co.uk/product/8240398