what about another scenario? In my tree I have a William haswkes marrying and giving his father as Harris Hawkes. Many years later after failing to identify a william, I found that William was the son of harsis hawkes' eldest daughter Amelia and on william's birth entry the father is not given, which made him illegitimate. william was brought up my his natural father (apparently) who married amelia when william was 9 months old, and william was brought up with his mothers married name, but when he was 16 he left bhome , went to london, and used his birth name. He used his grandfather's name as his father for some reason on that marriage certiicate, but he was not legally allowed to. there are so many complex family issues that we can only now through oral history, which is why when i first began researching the Hawkes family in 1987 I was told by my father-in-law that the surname should be Haddock, that was the surname of William's natural father, and Amelias married name. Adoption is the last scenario I woul consider at that period in time.