Depending on the variety there could be a couple of problems.
You say it bloomed in the past... did you prune it severely? If so, it may have been a rose that blooms on old wood and if that was pruned away... Or, did you feed the rose a lot of nitrogen fertilizer? This will cause the rose to put on a lot of green growth at the expense of blooms, or... do you remember when it bloomed last year? It could be that it's a late bloomer and won't put on flowers until later in the spring or even early summer.
At any rate, just watch it and water it evenly (about an inch per week) and see what happens.