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http://www.who.int/reproductive-health/publications/MSM_ 98_4/MSM_98_4_chapter2.en.html
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Umbilical Cord Care
Umbilical Cord Treatment
During the first hour after delivery, usually following the baby's first bath, the umbilical stump (as it is now called) is treated with an antibiotic applied directly onto it, to decrease the chance for infection.
Twenty-four hours after delivery, the clamp can be safely removed from the stump. It is a good idea to make sure the clamp is removed at the hospital, before the baby goes home. The clamp can get stuck during the home diaper changes and can pull on and injure the stump.
Once you�re home with the baby, little is required to care for the stump. Depending on the type of initial treatment the baby�s cord received, you may need to wipe the stump and the surrounding skin area with rubbing alcohol 2-3 times a day until the stump falls off. While wiping, you may notice a little bit of yellowish ooze or even a drop of blood. This is normal and is not a cause for concern.
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Keeping the area dry is important. This is why you are not supposed to bathe the baby until later.
Another way to help with cord care is to keep the diaper rolled out and down (so the inside of the diaper is showing), which allows the stump to be exposed to the air keeping it dry. Furthermore, the rolled diaper will not trap the stump inside the diaper. If you roll the diaper in and down, it will place the plastic outer side of the diaper against the stomach, making it uncomfortable for the baby.
Within the first 2 weeks, the cord usually falls off. When this happens, you may notice a small, pinkish area in the bottom of the belly button, which does not look like the rest of the skin. This is expected, and normal skin will grow over it. Once this happens, it is safe to give your baby a bath.
(Source: www.emedicinehealth.com/articles/9922-4.asp)
You might find this link useful (warning-the image is not for everyone, so don't go there if your only experience with newborns is based on some nice postcards).
Mind you, the cord (as all other tissue with blood vessels) must be first clamped and then cut, otherwise you may get some jolly nasty bleeding.
With the first breath after birth, newborn functional anatomy changes suddenly (ie from foetal/fetal to newborn). The umbilical vein and the ductus venosus closes off within two to five days after birth, leaving behind the ligamentum teres and the ligamentum venosus of the liver respectively.
In other words, blood doesn't 'feed' the stump anymore, hence it falls off.