Yes of course nations have always borrowed, Gromit, in the same way as companies and individuals always have. Companies and individuals use the facility to fund capital projects such as investing in new plant to enable expansion or buying a house or car. What they should not use borrowing for is to pay current wages, or the gas bill, to go shopping in Tescos or (most pertinently as far as this question goes) to give money to strangers for no good reason. Companies and individuals should also make sure that they can service the debt without jeopardising their viability, that the cost of the debt does not make unreasonable demands on their funds, and that the sum borrowed will eventually be repaid.
This, I think, is where I and "the idiots in Osborne's department" part company with you. Since 2008 government debt has risen from around 40% of GDP to near enough 100% today - a level unseen since the 1950s when the country was recovering from WW2 and a rate of increase unparalleled outside the war years. The current deficit is still around £100bn pa so that percentage, despite "...the most savage cuts the world has ever known which will lead to levels of abject poverty unseen since the 1930s" (© BBC) continues to rise. As has been mentioned, the cost of servicing that debt is greater than the country's defence budget. Government debt at the start of the 20th Century was about 30% of GDP. Obviously this increased enormously with WW1 and did not fully recover before WW2. Only in in the 1970s, following a long and steady decline, did it get back to 50% and then further declined to around 25% in the 1990s. The government is using borrowed money (and as cheap as that is, the sums involved are enormous) to pay current account costs such as benefits, pensions and, dare I say it, overseas aid. The key phrase in your assertion is "As long as we are able to function and pay back our debts". If things continue as they are we will no longer be able to function (and there are some who would argue that we are beginning to see that even now in some areas). Paying back our debts, with tax revenues stagnant, will eat increasingly into government funds. Ways need to be found to wean the nation from its obsession with living on such vast sums of borrowed money and despite the best efforts of the idiots at the Treasury there seems to be no sign of that happening.