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jno: After taking power in the 1920s, Joseph Stalin killed at least 9 million people through mass murder, forced labour, and famine, but the true figure may be as high as 60 million.
From the 1920s through his death in 1953, Joseph Stalin ruled the Soviet Union through fear and violence. He instituted punitive policies that resulted in devastating famines, sent his enemies to prison camps, and executed those he believed opposed him.
And it's still a peasant economy; as Kotkin points out, the wealth of Russia comes from doing nothing, & simply extracting oil, gas & minerals from the ground.